Abuja: The Federal Government has announced that decriminalising attempted suicide is a critical public health and human rights issue, necessitating urgent legislative measures to replace punitive actions with care and appropriate interventions. This revelation was made during a media conference in Abuja by the Minister of State for Health and Social Welfare, Dr. Iziaq Salako, as part of the 2026 World Suicide Prevention Day commemorations.
According to News Agency of Nigeria, Salako, represented by the Permanent Secretary, Ms. Daju Kachollom, highlighted the need for reform in the current legal framework which criminalises attempted suicide under Section 327 of the Criminal Code Act and Section 231. Salako emphasized that these laws, which date back to the colonial era, inappropriately treat mental health emergencies as criminal offenses. The Federal Executive Council (FEC) has supported the ministry’s stance, enabling the National Assembly to commence the legislative process.
Salako explained that a National Task Force on the Decriminalisation of Attempted Suicide has been established, involving government, academia, professional associations, civil society, and development partners. This task force has been active in stakeholder consultations, policy engagement, and advocacy to raise awareness about suicide prevention and the decriminalisation initiative.
The minister urged that legislative changes alone are insufficient for suicide prevention. He stressed the importance of enhancing mental health services, expanding access to quality care, and fostering early intervention and open dialogue to address mental health crises effectively. Kachollom added that the ministry aims to integrate mental health services within other health programs and address gaps in public awareness through various platforms, including tele-radio programs.
Dr. Charles Nzelu, Director of Public Health, reiterated the Department of Public Health’s commitment to strategic leadership and coordination in mental health promotion and suicide prevention. He noted ongoing efforts to integrate mental health into primary healthcare and strengthen community-based interventions.
Dr. Tunde Ojo, National Coordinator of the National Mental Health Programme, revealed plans to develop national data on attempted suicide and mental health indicators, with a draft expected by year-end. Meanwhile, Dr. Juan Carlos of the International Committee of the Red Cross praised the decriminalisation initiative and called for the implementation of the Mental Health Policy at the state level.
Despite these advances, challenges remain. Dr. Veronica Nyamali, President of the Association of Psychiatrists in Nigeria, highlighted an inadequate and shrinking mental health workforce. She emphasized the need for comprehensive implementation of the National Mental Health Act to organise and improve mental health services.
Prof. Taiwo Sheikh, Convener of the Nigeria Suicide Prevention Advocacy Working Group, pointed out that the prevailing narrative around suicide in Nigeria is fraught with stigma and discrimination. He advocated for a holistic framework that captures suicide data, establishes crisis intervention services, and provides training for health workers.
Mr. Zion Abba of the Mandate Health Empowerment Initiative commended the government’s efforts but urged stakeholders to address the underlying factors contributing to suicide attempts in Nigeria. The focus on holistic and compassionate approaches marks a shift towards a more supportive environment for individuals facing mental health challenges.